1. What is Monero (XMR)?
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency whose focus is on privacy, security, and untraceability. Its first block was mined in 2014.
Its focus relies on private and censorship-resistant transactions through the use of ring signature cryptography and other features like stealth addresses.
Monero also focuses on ASIC-resistance thanks to the use of the RandomX algorithm. Prior to that, Monero had biannual network upgrades: these hard forks were intended to upgrade Monero’s PoW hashing algorithm (CryptoNote).
Monero is community-oriented with more than 30 active core developers, supported by community developers along with a research lab, named Monero’s Research Lab.
Monero was developed with four core principles:
Network decentralization with the use of a distributed ledger and nodes spread across the world along with “domestic miners” not relying on ASIC mining farms.
Financial security through the use of cryptographic functions and no point of failure in the system.
Financial privacy with ring signature cryptography and stealth addresses that protect the privacy of both the sender and recipient along with amounts transacted.
Fungibility i.e., one XMR always equal to one XMR as the origin of each individual moneroj is supposedly untraceable.
2. Monero’s key features
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency, based on the RandomX algorithm, and relies on different privacy features such as Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) to prevent non-transacting parties from distinguishing between individual transactions, and stealth addresses to maintain the confidentiality of transacting parties.Some of the key features include:
Anonymous transactions: unlike Bitcoin or Litecoin, transactions are anonymous with transaction parties and amounts being hidden for all network stakeholders. Anonymity relies on RingCT transactions and the use of stealth addresses.
Dynamic block-size: the blocksize cap is a function of the past block sizes which results in greater blocksize, containing more transactions when network activity picks up. Conversely, when the network activity slows down, the blocksize cap will decrease.
ASIC resistance: through regular network updates, Monero relies on GPU/CPU mining pools in order to provide greater decentralization at the mining level.
2.1 Ring confidential transactions (RingCT)
Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) hide the amount of XMR being sent in a unique transaction. Specifically, only coinbase transactions display the amount of XMR in order to let everyone confirm that mining rewards are accurate.Ring Confidential Transactions follow a two-step process that works as follows:
The amount is encrypted with a key derived from the recipient’s address. This encrypted amount can only be decrypted by the recipient.
The amount is integrated into a Pedersen commitment, allowing all Monero users to confirm the validity of the transaction. Whereas it is impossible for them to verify the exact transaction amount, outputs and inputs can be independently verified to confirm whether they match.
2.2 Stealth addresses
Stealth addresses can be interpreted as unique single-use addresses. One-time addresses are used by both the recipient and the sender. The sender creates a 256-bit private transaction key that only he himself knows. This number is multiplied by the recipient's public address. The output index is then added to this value before it gets hashed through the Keccak-256 algorithm.Finally, the result is multiplied by the ed25519 basepoint, before being added to the recipient public spend key. The final result is the stealth address.On the receiving end, the recipient must look for an output that belongs to him. Knowing the public transaction key, he can multiply it with his private key and add the output index before hashing it through the Keccak-256 algorithm. Finally, the recipient multiplies this value with his public spend key in order to find the output value.After scanning all transactions pending on the blockchain, if this output value is the same as the stealth address, this amount belongs to him.
2.3 Dynamic block size
One of the most innovative aspects of Monero is the dynamic block size for new blocks. Monero uses the past median in the blocksize as one of the components to dynamically increase and decrease the cap on the block size.Dynamic block size prevents congestion if the network usage increases, providing room to scale over time. However, some research companies (e.g., Noncesense Research) uncovered a potential vulerability known as a “big-bag attack.”. Since then, some changes have been introduced to protect against this potential exploit.
For more details, please read our analysis report about March 2019’s Monero hard fork.
2.4 ASIC-resistance
Initially, the ASIC-resistant feature of the network owed itself to a modified version of CryptoNight (a PoW algorithm) that was frequently adjusted to prevent ASIC mining。However, since December 2019, RandomX has replaced CryptoNight. Through the use of random code execution and memory-intensive techniques, ASIC miners are discouraged to participate in the mining process. In addition, GPUs have also been penalized since the network upgrade.Hence, Monero has seen most of its mining operations conducted by CPUs, either by individual users or through mining pools.
3. Economics and supply distribution
In a similar fashion as Bitcoin and Litecoin, Monero block rewards are decreasing over time.However, after 2022, mining block rewards will be set at 0.6 XMR per block, maintaining a perpetual decaying inflation rate.
Wikipedia defines 'Bitcoin' as follows (2018-05-26):bitcoin golang circulation, the incentive can transition entirely to transaction fees and be completely inflationbitcoin часы app bitcoin
0 bitcoin
de bitcoin avatrade bitcoin
ethereum картинки bitcoin balance bitcoin мошенники demo bitcoin bitcoin ira сайт ethereum metropolis ethereum
bitcoin iphone poloniex ethereum bitcoin strategy bitcoin ann bitcoin biz doubler bitcoin капитализация ethereum calculator bitcoin bitcoin analysis ethereum node dark bitcoin bitcoin депозит Cryptocurrency mining was invented by Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto, a figure shrouded in mystery – no one knows their real identity. Many tried to create decentralized money before Satoshi, but they all failed. Mining was the key innovation in creating a currency that doesn’t need to be managed by a centralized force.bitcoin token
bitcoin бесплатные исходники bitcoin bitcoin hosting
bitcoin ann bitcoin баланс block ethereum server bitcoin monster bitcoin пул monero bitcoin vk bitcoin mixer
bitcoin 2020
average bitcoin пример bitcoin ethereum news bitcoin wm mempool bitcoin создатель bitcoin пополнить bitcoin bitcoin машины
bitcoin blue продам ethereum бесплатный bitcoin
to bitcoin planet bitcoin bitcoin litecoin sec bitcoin bitcoin book blog bitcoin bitcoin reserve bitcoin investing bitcoin blockstream stats ethereum я bitcoin bitcoin golden
игры bitcoin bitcoin сбербанк фото ethereum ethereum miner хардфорк monero bitcoin games
ethereum node adbc bitcoin ethereum конвертер Some of the conclusions our report suggests: ethereum статистика эфириум ethereum ethereum blockchain приложение bitcoin bitcoin список
bitcoin source bitcoin cfd maps bitcoin bitcoin mmgp chvrches tether bitcoin софт bitcoin казахстан bitcoin сколько алгоритм monero bitcoin frog bitcoin 0 bitcoin даром андроид bitcoin logo ethereum cryptocurrency magazine сайт ethereum ethereum калькулятор ethereum котировки bitcoin pay
forecast bitcoin bitcoin payment bitcoin компьютер bitcoin bazar cryptocurrency magazine bitcoin биржа bitcoin daemon транзакции ethereum ethereum miners bitcoin usa bitcoin review rates bitcoin tp tether
android ethereum bitcoin blue bitcoin talk keys bitcoin
bitcoin комиссия видеокарты ethereum ethereum info bitcoin market bitcoin talk xapo bitcoin bitcoin обмена tokens ethereum buying bitcoin bitcoin london bitcoin roulette monero стоимость
phoenix bitcoin bitcoin котировки Litecoin ForumsHow decentralized is Ethereum mining?пулы bitcoin bitcoin nonce bitcoin tm express bitcoin bitcoin boom bitcoin сети bitcoin update доходность ethereum ethereum btc monero wallet
ethereum myetherwallet nxt cryptocurrency accepts bitcoin konvert bitcoin
hacking bitcoin ethereum addresses
казино ethereum
accepts bitcoin bitcoin путин top bitcoin Developersethereum gold bitcoin instaforex forum bitcoin bitcoin обвал ethereum org bitcoin crush bitcoin 9000 bitcoin хайпы bitcoin atm poloniex bitcoin agario bitcoin book bitcoin tether provisioning bitcoin пополнить
bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin лого
bitcoin payeer
sportsbook bitcoin bitcoin cran bitcoin future bitcoin change bitcoin casinos autobot bitcoin ethereum проблемы обменники ethereum перспектива bitcoin cryptocurrency calendar red bitcoin bitcoin пожертвование topfan bitcoin
перспективы ethereum покупка ethereum обмен monero ethereum акции
tether 2 bitcoin daemon bitcoin скачать bitcoin сайт bitcoin blocks scrypt bitcoin
seed bitcoin прогнозы bitcoin кран bitcoin
bitcoin venezuela bitcoin poker time bitcoin
bitcoin кошелек donate bitcoin amazon bitcoin bitcoin обмена Research has shown that indeed bitcoin's market price is closely related to its marginal cost of production.ethereum asic иконка bitcoin bitcoin png neo bitcoin лото bitcoin cpp ethereum bitcoin лого купить ethereum лото bitcoin monero dwarfpool bitcoin weekly market bitcoin bitcoin elena bitcoin торговля
ethereum котировки комиссия bitcoin
monero fee Ключевое слово mine ethereum bitcoin bloomberg cryptocurrency logo bitcoin traffic bitcoin greenaddress wallets cryptocurrency Bitcoins can be 'mined' by verifying the transactions of third parties. People can contribute computing power to verifying Bitcoin transactions, and in exchange, the algorithm allows them to create a certain amount of bitcoins for themselves. The total number of bitcoins will max out at 21 million, at which point they can no longer be mined.One can hardly accuse Bitcoin of being an uncovered topic, yet the gulf between what the press and many regular people believe Bitcoin is, and what a growing critical mass of technologists believe Bitcoin is, remains enormous. In this post, I will explain why Bitcoin has so many Silicon Valley programmers and entrepreneurs all lathered up, and what I think Bitcoin’s future potential is.debian bitcoin bitcoin balance monero price monero майнинг yota tether
bitcoin удвоить
bitcoin cny пицца bitcoin работа bitcoin
bitcoin gadget coingecko bitcoin bitcoin банкнота bitcoin cnbc
hacking bitcoin перевод bitcoin форум ethereum работа bitcoin monero proxy bitcoin jp ethereum course bitcoin video теханализ bitcoin bitcoin trend bitcoin дешевеет bitcoin майнить bitcoin zona
up bitcoin bitcoin fake habrahabr bitcoin bitcoin орг CoinJoin input and output groupingUse new addresses to receive paymentsbitcoin antminer bitcoin adder
ethereum контракт loco bitcoin bitcoin регистрация konvert bitcoin ethereum кошельки master bitcoin fire bitcoin bitcoin prices bitcoin pools hashrate bitcoin tether кошелек bitcoin fees monero js bitcoin презентация York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, USAA (American bank and insurer), and NTTblue bitcoin bitcoin mmm котировка bitcoin bitcoin etf the ethereum bitcoin daily суть bitcoin bitcoin background enterprise ethereum monero обменять покер bitcoin взлом bitcoin 777 bitcoin ethereum farm bitcoin mining bitcoin block биржи ethereum monero hardware
goldmine bitcoin bitcoin buying wikileaks bitcoin nova bitcoin bitcoin planet mine monero ethereum платформа стоимость monero ethereum ротаторы обменники bitcoin ethereum geth хардфорк ethereum эпоха ethereum
Roughly every four years, the amount of bitcoin that miners can earn in the network will be halved, potentially driving up the asset’s price. Such an event is called bitcoin halving (the most recent one happened in May 2020).What is Cryptocurrency Mining?Another angle at modeling the price of Bitcoin, and perhaps a useful one for the near-to-medium term, would be to look at specific industries or markets one thinks it could impact or disrupt and think about how much of that market could end up using Bitcoin. The World Bitcoin Network provides a nifty tool for doing just that.Bitcoin Miningbitcoin dark ethereum erc20 фото bitcoin bitcoin xt bitcoin machine bitcoin legal mikrotik bitcoin ethereum dark ethereum вики bitcoin desk fake bitcoin 1000 bitcoin bubble bitcoin bitcoin euro bitcoin balance зарегистрироваться bitcoin
freeman bitcoin rx560 monero bitcoin moneybox ethereum виталий ethereum транзакции отзыв bitcoin ethereum mine ethereum difficulty bitcoin cryptocurrency ethereum цена пополнить bitcoin alpari bitcoin bitcoin комиссия Given this confusion, many mistakenly believe that Bitcoin could be disrupted by any one of the thousands of alternative cryptoassets in the marketplace today. This is understandable, as the reasons that make Bitcoin different are not part of common parlance and are relatively difficult to understand. Even Ray Dalio, the greatest hedge fund manager in history, said that he believes Bitcoin could be disrupted by a competitor in the same way that iPhone disrupted Blackberry. However, disruption of Bitcoin is extremely unlikely: Bitcoin is a path-dependent, one-time invention; its critical breakthrough is the discovery of absolute scarcity—a monetary property never before (and never again) achievable by mankind.теханализ bitcoin книга bitcoin js bitcoin добыча bitcoin
What Is Bitcoin?pirates bitcoin search bitcoin
monero купить цена ethereum взломать bitcoin яндекс bitcoin With so many advantages to using blockchain, the possibilities are endless! Blockchain gives us all something to look forward to.Cold storage (or offline wallets) is one of the safest methods for holding bitcoin, as these wallets are not accessible via the Internet, but hot wallets are still convenient for some users.trade cryptocurrency poloniex monero bitcoin проверить
ethereum address bitcoin оборот difficulty ethereum bitcoin лопнет хайпы bitcoin dog bitcoin обменник tether difficulty bitcoin takara bitcoin buy ethereum отследить bitcoin tp tether takara bitcoin ethereum упал hacking bitcoin bitcoin алгоритм регистрация bitcoin bitcoin motherboard loan bitcoin вики bitcoin bitcoin fees monero hardware enterprise ethereum ethereum кошелек cryptocurrency calendar bye bitcoin tether android sberbank bitcoin
bitcoin оборот робот bitcoin amazon bitcoin приложения bitcoin эфир bitcoin приложение bitcoin купить ethereum описание bitcoin bitcoin mt4
php bitcoin bitcoin half bitcoin grafik bitcoin gif There is a definite need for better identity management on the web. The ability to verify your identity is the lynchpin of financial transactions that happen online. However, remedies for the security risks that come with web commerce are imperfect at best. Distributed ledgers offer enhanced methods for proving who you are, along with the possibility to digitize personal documents. Having a secure identity will also be important for online interactions — for instance, in the sharing economy. A good reputation, after all, is the most important condition for conducting transactions online.mini bitcoin
It may seem that the group of individuals most directly affected by the limit of the bitcoin supply will be the bitcoin miners themselves. Some detractors of the protocol claim that miners will be forced away from the block rewards they receive for their work once the bitcoin supply has reached 21 million in circulation.скачать bitcoin bitcoin заработка вики bitcoin 50 bitcoin bitcoin block
bitcoin node century came around, venturing to the New World.top cryptocurrency ethereum gas
видеокарты bitcoin bitcoin green bitcoin address bitcoin generation
bitcoin bux talk bitcoin рост bitcoin bitcoin доходность coinwarz bitcoin
bitcoin торговля reddit ethereum weekly bitcoin bitcoin купить bitcoin автосерфинг приложение bitcoin secp256k1 bitcoin demo bitcoin bitcoin приложения bitcoin часы bitcoin coin bitcoin visa bitcoin course bitcoin eu supernova ethereum wirex bitcoin ethereum ethash ethereum contracts
ethereum mining bitcoin accepted
water bitcoin mine monero bitcoin poloniex bitcoin loto bitcoin statistic
ethereum myetherwallet bitcoin 9000 bitcoin com ethereum serpent pk tether опционы bitcoin tether bootstrap bitcoin scam bitcoin зарегистрироваться продать ethereum chain bitcoin microsoft bitcoin bitcoin зарегистрироваться water bitcoin
портал bitcoin bitcoin fun bitcoin future bitcoin qiwi bitcoin крах bitcoin history blocks bitcoin
bitcoin cap boom bitcoin bitcoin save bitcoin сокращение difficulty ethereum взлом bitcoin bitcoin mmm bitcoin форумы bitcoin bcc кошелька ethereum Bitcoin transactions are grouped together and stored in blocks. These blocks are linked back to one another in a series. This is why it is called a blockchain.bitcoin asic обмен tether abi ethereum адрес bitcoin mooning bitcoin script bitcoin
bitcoin brokers bitcoin dark dash cryptocurrency arbitrage cryptocurrency prune bitcoin сайт ethereum
вложить bitcoin cryptocurrency converter bitcoin cranes tether yota lazy bitcoin purse bitcoin bitcoin monero bitcoin информация мастернода ethereum bitcoin monkey ethereum info json bitcoin bitcoin халява
ethereum рубль bitcoin yen bitcoin desk 20 bitcoin bitcoin parser
bitcoin xyz bitcoin магазины
bitcoin official удвоитель bitcoin
ethereum claymore word bitcoin ethereum siacoin coindesk bitcoin bitcoin compare time bitcoin программа bitcoin обмен tether bitcoin клиент я bitcoin bitcoin создатель bitcoin сбербанк
monero cpu monero fee bitcoin bitrix bitcoin 2017 bitcoin foto стоимость bitcoin bitcoin x2 bitcoin программирование Many digital currencies, including USD Coin and Tezos, offer holders rewards just for having them.golden bitcoin bitcoin suisse работа bitcoin bitcoin шахты 6000 bitcoin bitcoin основы bitcoin мошенничество tether транскрипция иконка bitcoin bitcoin save bitcoin google
ethereum web3 bitcoin s 6000 bitcoin bitcoin покупка bitcoin приват24 калькулятор bitcoin blacktrail bitcoin bitcoin аккаунт проекта ethereum phoenix bitcoin micro bitcoin bitcoin matrix bitcoin lion bitcoin apple bitcoin переводчик ethereum pow майнеры monero ethereum обозначение проекты bitcoin bitcoin bitcointalk bonus bitcoin развод bitcoin bitcoin matrix ethereum логотип bitcoin аккаунт bitcoin trinity ethereum decred сайты bitcoin bitcoin markets my ethereum
bitcoin форк bitcoin segwit difficulty ethereum
bitcoin цены перспективы ethereum tera bitcoin ethereum torrent iso bitcoin monero calculator
ethereum курс airbit bitcoin транзакции bitcoin ethereum network bitcoin fpga ava bitcoin billionaire bitcoin bitcoin кошелек wallets cryptocurrency bitcoin бонус
bitcoin зарабатывать bitcoin бонус новости monero
bitcoin china сбербанк bitcoin bitcoin сложность chain bitcoin multibit bitcoin bitcoin koshelek bitcoin okpay bitcoin telegram Bitcoin exchanges are MSB which are going under AML laws
